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Navigium Isidis
The ''Navigium Isidis'' or ''Isidis Navigium'' (trans. ''the vessel of Isis'')〔 was an annual ancient Roman religious festival in honor of the goddess Isis,〔Haase and Temporini (1986) p.1931〕 held on March 5.〔Michele Renee Salzman, ''On Roman Time: The Codex Calendar of 354 and the Rhythms of Urban Life in Late Antiquity'' (University of California Press, 1990), p. 124.〕 The festival outlived Christian persecution by Theodosius (391) and Arcadius' persecution against the Roman religion.〔Alföldi (1937) p.47〕
In the Roman Empire, it was still celebrated in Italy at least until the year 416.〔Valantasis (2000) p.370〕 In Egypt, it was suppressed by Christian authorities in the 6th century.〔
Modern carnival resembles the festival of the Navigium Isidis,〔Valantasis (2000) p.378〕 and some scholars argue that they share the same origin (via ''carrus navalis'' - meaning ''naval wagon'', i.e. ''float'' - later becoming ''car-nival'').〔Rudwin (1919)〕〔di Cocco (2007)〕〔Alföldi (1937) pp.57-8〕〔Forrest (2001) p.114〕〔Griffiths (1975) p.172〕 Many elements of Carnival were in turn appropriated in the ''Corpus Christi'' festival, most prominently in the Iberian Peninsula (Spain and Portugal).
==See also==
*Easter
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